In the eyes of the supporters of the june 30 movement that paved the way for the military coup, or at least in the eyes of its liberal supporters, the 2014 constitution was intended to correct the illiberal or islamist provisions of the 2012 constitution which, in their opinion, had been forced down the throat of the egyptian public by a. This is our constitution, egypt is the gift of the nile for egyptians and the gift of. These topic pages provide a quick overview and easy access to all content that can be found on ace for any give topic of interest weather encyclopaedia files, electoral materials, comparative data, consolidated replies, case studies, or other. Download pdf this is the unofficial translation of the constitution of egypt 2014, as published by the egyptian state information service sis website. Constitution of the arab republic of egypt 2014 sis. Provisions relating to the fundamental rights and liberties recognized by the constitution shall be construed in conformity with the universal declaration of human rights and international treaties and agreements thereon ratified by spain. The passing of the new constitution is a milestone in egypts rocky political transition, which began with the ouster of longtime dictator hosni mubarak in 2011 and took a turn when islamist. The arab world has been moving towards change in successive events since the beginning of 2011. Comparing three versions of the egyptian constitution select a topic to highlight.
Comparing three versions of the egyptian constitution. The 1971 constitution was suspended by the supreme council of the armed forces on february 2011, two days after the resignation of hosni mubarak. Article 4 2 the national economy is based on the development of economic activity, social justice, the guarantee of the different forms of property and the preservation of workers rights. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt after the. Egypt has operated under several constitutions, both as a monarchy and, after 1952, as a republic. Constitution arabic the arabic version of the egyptian constitution, including amendments made in 2005. Egypts new constitution strengthens the countrys three. Islam is the religion of the state, arabic is its official language and the principles of islamic sharia are the main source of legislation. History of the egyptian constitution metadata this file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it.
For countries with previous constitutions, the years are listed. Jan 14, 2014 a woman in cairo casts her vote on egypts new constitution, jan. It was the second such document since january 2011, and the fourth considering the two temporary constitutions adopted by constitutional declaration in march. Protesters demand changes to egypt s constitution a new barrier to political change in egypt has emerged, and its the countrys constitution. The arab republic of egypt is an independent, united sovereign state that cannot. The first and most liberal of these was the 1923 constitution, which was promulgated just after britain declared egypts independence. Spains constitution of 1978 with amendments through 2011. Indepth analysis of the main elements of the new constitution abstract despite cautious liberalisation in a few limited areas, egypts new constitution of january 2014 does not represent a new democratic departure. Egypt s new constitution strengthens the countrys three. Scheduled date of a national referendum on the constitution. Indepth analysis of the main elements of the new constitution abstract despite cautious liberalisation in a few limited areas, egypts new constitution of january. Secretary general of the union of arab constitutional courts and councils uaccc. It replaced the 2011 provisional constitution of egypt, adopted in 2011. Egypts new constitution gets 98% yes vote world news.
Right after the revolution in 2011, which ended thirty years of repression and dictatorship under the regime of expresident hosni mubarak, egyptians found themselves with the serious challenge of electing a new president and building a new egypt. The history subfield includes the dates of previous constitutions and the main steps and dates in formulating and implementing the latest constitution. Egypt constitution polls in march 2011 and december 2012. Article 236 constitutional declarations issued by the supreme council of the armed forces and by the president of the republic from 11 february 2011 to the date of the adoption of this constitution are hereby repealed, while their consequent effects shall remain valid and in force and may not in any way be appealed against. Egypts constitution between 2012 and 2014 a talk by mohammad fadel university of toronto law on egypts adoptation of a constitution following the removal of hosni mubarak. The constitution took effect after the results were announced on 18 january 2014. As background, we briefly examine the nasser and the sadat regimes. The declaration was intended to serve as the fundamental law of the country pending the enactment of a permanent constitution, following the resignation of president hosni. Nov 30, 2012 article 60 of the march 30 constitutional declaration issued by egypts military rulers in march 2011 states that a referendum on the constitution shall take place 15 days after the constituent. Egypts political economy and the downfall of the mubarak regime k.
Egypts new constitution was adopted on december 22, 2012 amid intense political tensions and deep rifts between islamists and liberal forces. Protesters demand changes to egypts constitution a new barrier to political change in egypt has emerged, and its the countrys constitution. The new provisional constitution was drafted to operate as a working constitution in the transitional period following the january 25 revolution, until a new one is. Egypts new constitution limits fundamental freedoms and ignores the rights of women 30 november 2012, 00. It would be simple and straightforward if a new constitution was all that required to break from past political dynamics, but in some ways, the constitution is the least formidable obstacle to change. Constitution of egypt constitution, egypt britannica. Feb 23, 2020 article 236 constitutional declarations issued by the supreme council of the armed forces and by the president of the republic from 11 february 2011 to the date of the adoption of this constitution are hereby repealed, while their consequent effects shall remain valid and in force and may not in any way be appealed against. Egypt, country located in the northeastern corner of africa. Constitution of 2014 download pdf this is the unofficial translation of the constitution of egypt 2014, as published by the egyptian state information service sis website. Amendments to egypts 2012 charter include more rights and freedoms, greater autonomy for. Perspectives on egypts 2014 constitution in custodia legis. The constitution will take effect from the date on which the people approve the referendum.
A promise of a new dawn worthy of egypts history and civilization, the. Constitution of egypt of 2012 wikisource, the free online. Constitution of egypt of 2012 wikisource, the free. The constitution fails to provide for the supremacy of international law over national law, raising concerns about egypts commitment to human rights treaties to which it is a state party. Egyptian constitutional declaration of 2011 wikipedia. This is our constitution, egypt is the gift of the nile for egyptians and the gift of egyptians to humanity. Furthermore, the document fails to fully guarantee economic, social and cultural rights, such as protection against forced evictions it also tolerates. A constitutional amendments referendum was held from 20 to 22 april 2019. A referendum on the countrys charter addresses issues ranging from womens rights to regulating peaceful protests. Egypts government services portal egypt constitution.
Egypts constitutional crisis, explained as a simple timeline. A comparison ahram online, wednesday 15 jan 2014 a man casts his ballot on constitution in a polling station in cairo photo. Egypts constitutional crisis, explained as a simple. Constitution of the arab republic of egypt part one the state article 1. Egyptians and tunisians are anxiously waiting to see how their aspirations will be realized in the weeks after the historic popular uprisings. We are drafting a constitution that prevents any corruption or tyranny and by which we heal the wounds of the past, from the days of the old eloquent peasant to the victims of negligence and the martyrs of the revolution in our present time, and relieve our people who have for long been suffering injustice. Public consultations leading to the referendum were selective and weak. Article 60 of the march 30 constitutional declaration issued by egypts military rulers in. Supreme council for the organization of the media articles 2011. The egyptian people are part of the arab nation and.
It then organised a committee of jurists to draft amendments to pave the way for new parliamentary and presidential elections. Omar ashour says that while egypts 2012 draft constitution is the least authoritarian one the country has ever had, it is far from perfect. The constitution of 1901 original text in spanish and english translation the constitution of the republic of cuba of 1940 is the only one that represents a broad range of cuban political parties and social interests, including the ppc communist party. Egypt, tunisia, and the constitutional movement united. The constitutional declaration of 2011 was a measure adopted by the supreme council of the armed forces of egypt on 30 march 2011. New constitution of egypt pdf new constitution of egypt pdf download. Egypts 2014 presidential election law page 2 of 46 applicants will be considered official candidates once the pec has completed investigating and verifying the documents.
This document is an english translation of the 2011 interim constitution of the arab republic of egypt. President of the republic issued between february 11, 2011, and the entry into. Egypts heartland, the nile river valley and delta, was the home of one of the principal civilizations of the ancient middle east and was the site of one of the worlds earliest urban and literate societies. We are drafting a constitution that maintains our freedom and protects our. The political regime of the arab republic of egypt is based upon the multiparty system within the framework of the basic principles and components of the egyptian society stipulated by the constitution. The supreme council of the armed forces will continue directly with its limited responsibilities following this announcement, until a time at which the peoples assembly and the shura council assume their responsibilities and the president. Analysis of the new constitution of egypt by mohamed al agati, executive director of the arab forum for alternatives with the assistance of noov senari, researcher and womens rights projects coordinator december 2012. From the age of natya shastra pdf in hindi maturity to the age of. As street protests in egypt witnesses its third week, we hear frequent calls for a new egyptian constitution. It replaces the 2012 constitution issued under the administration of former president mohammed morsi. Egypts new constitution limits fundamental freedoms and. Jan 18, 2014 egypt s new constitution gets 98% yes vote. I previously wrote about aspects of the drafting process for the 2012 constitution and the debate over its provisions, as well as the amendments that were made to the 1971 constitution in 2011 and the preceding political crisis. It was signed into law by president mohamed morsi on 26 december 2012, after it was approved by the constituent assembly on 30 november 2012 and passed in a referendum held 1522 december 2012 with 64% support, and a turnout of 33%.
The constitution of the arab republic of egypt was the former fundamental law of egypt. Below is the list of the participants of the constituent assembly. Whats happening in cairo right now is a big deal, the culmination of an increasingly fraught eightmonth constitutional fight that is itself part of the nearly twoyear struggle for the future of. Seven upholding national unity is an obligation of state and society, for it is the cornerstone of building a modern egypt and the path to progress and development.
Egypt is going through the early phases of the throes of democratization. Blessed with a unique location and history, the arab nation of egypt is the heart of. Several articles include a stronger emphasis on religion than the 1971 constitution but its character is largely secular. With its unique location and history, egypt is the arab heart of the world. Egypts political economy and the downfall of the mubarak. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt is the fundamental law of egypt the egyptian constitution of 2014 was passed in a referendum in january 2014. This change resulted in successful and semi successful revolutions. Perspectives on egypts 2014 constitution february 19, 2014 by kelly buchanan the following is a guest post by george sadek, senior legal research analyst at the law library of congress. A woman in cairo casts her vote on egypts new constitution, jan. Constitution amendment procedure unamendable provisions citizenship requirements for birthright citizenship citizenship restrictions on entry or exit from the state language official or national languages language protection of language use race and ethnicity obligation to transfer wealth toread more. Article 5 3 the political system of the arab republic of.
The constitutional declaration of 2011 also known as the provisional constitution of the arab republic of egypt citation needed was a measure adopted by the supreme council of the armed forces of egypt on 30 march 2011. The egyptian constitution of 2014 was passed in a referendum in january 2014. Article 5 3 the political system of the arab republic of egypt is a multiparty one, within the framework. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt, 1971 as. Perspectives on egypts 2014 constitution in custodia. Jan 18, 2014 the passing of the new constitution is a milestone in egypt s rocky political transition, which began with the ouster of longtime dictator hosni mubarak in 2011 and took a turn when islamist. It then organised a committee of jurists to draft amendments to pave the way for new parliamentary and presidential elections had the referendum resulted in a no vote, the 1971 constitution would have been nullified and a new one was to be. Nagarajan department of economics laurentian university canada abstract this paper examines the political economy of egypt to explain the downfall of the mubarak regime in 2011. This entry provides information on a countryas constitution and includes two subfields, history and amendments. This briefing paper analyzes the new law on presidential elections. While no component of egyptian or tunisian society governance, politics, security, civil society, and economy is likely to be spared scrutiny, special attention will necessarily be paid to the constitution. New constitution of egypt pdf this is our constitution, egypt is the gift of the nile for egyptians and the gift of. The government set the upordown vote for just a week and a half from now.
The constitution of the arab republic of egypt is the fundamental law of egypt. Constitutional developments in egypt in 2011 by mr. The proposed changes to egypts constitution al jazeera america. The arab republic of egypt is a socialist democratic state based on the alliance of the working forces of the people. The proposed changes to egypts constitution al jazeera. It is the meeting point of world civilizations and cultures and the crossroads of its maritime transportation and. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it.
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